For parallel propagation, use the undivided dispersion relation:The five requested cases are:
- Plasma oscillations: and . With negligible ion response, , independently of in this cold approximation.
- Cold-plasma right-handed waves: , , , for propagation along . At a fixed point, the real electric field rotates from towards , in the sense of electron gyration.
- Cold-plasma left-handed waves: , , . The real electric field rotates in the opposite sense.
- Ordinary plasma waves: for perpendicular propagation, , , and . Their dispersion relation is .
- Extraordinary plasma waves: for perpendicular propagation, , , and . In general the electric field has both longitudinal and transverse components.
For the perpendicular cases the undivided dispersion relation factors as , up to an overall nonzero factor. This also identifies the extraordinary plasma wave plasma wave resonance at .
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