Past exam of the functional Analysis and Banach and C*-Algebras course of the University of Oxford / 2009 / A / 1 / i / Solution

The quotient norm isChanging the representative does not change the infimum. The triangle inequality and absolute homogeneity follow from those of the original norm. Vanishing means $x$ belongs to the closure of $Y$, hence to $Y$ because the subspace is closed. Thus this is a norm.

Use the absolutely convergent series criterion for completeness. If $\sum \Vert {\xi }_n{\Vert }_{X/Y}<\infty$, choose representatives $z_n$ of ${\xi }_n$ satisfying $\Vert z_n\Vert \le \Vert {\xi }_n{\Vert }_{X/Y}+2^{-n}$. The series $\sum z_n$ converges in the Banach space $X$ to some $z$. Since the quotient map is contractive, $\sum {\xi }_n$ converges to $z+Y$. Consequently the quotient is a Banach space.