Past exam of the mathematical physiology course of the University of Oxford / 2023 / 1 / b

There are four reversible transitions of the ion channel, each changing exactly one gate:These are first-order reaction-rate equations: their reaction rate constants are per-gate transition rates. In the continuous-time Markov chain interpretation, simultaneous changes of both gates have probability of order $(dt{)}^2$, so there is no direct diagonal transition in its infinitesimal generator matrix.