Past exam of the mathematics course of the year 2 of the natural sciences course of the University of Cambridge / 2017 / Paper 1 / 1 / c

Close the cone with the horizontal disk $D$ at height $h$, and let $V$ be the enclosed solid. The divergence isThe term $2y$ integrates to zero by reflection symmetry of each circular cross-section. Using the divergence theorem and cylindrical coordinates, the closed-surface flux isThe outward normal on $D$ is $+\hat{\mathbf{z}}$, so its flux is its area times $G_z=h$:Subtracting this cap contribution gives the required lateral flux:This is conical flux by closing with a cap. The normal convention matters: on the lateral cone the outward normal points radially outwards and partly downwards, so the $G_z$ contribution to the lateral flux is negative. To justify applying the theorem at the vertex, truncate a small tip and take its size to zero; the extra flux vanishes because $\mathbf{G}$ is regular there.