A liquid crystal flows while retaining partial molecular order. A nematic liquid crystal has long-range orientational order but no crystal-like positional lattice. Its local mean axis is the nematic director , with for an ordinary apolar nematic. Order leads to anisotropic optical and dielectric response and an elastic cost for director distortions.
Nematic order selects an axis, not a common molecular head direction or density-layer stack. The original sketch uses short rods as a coarse-grained orientation map.
Figure 1.
Liquid-crystal order, defects, anchoring and cylindrical confinement
. Original director sketches. Rods have no arrowheads. Sphere profiles are illustrative boundary-compatible fields, not elastic-energy minimizers. Channel panels are axial sections; the homeotropic profile escapes toward the pore axis. Details.

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