Past exam of the MPhil in nuclear energy course of the University of Cambridge / 2021 / Module NE1 / 4 / c

Use neutron fluence $\Phi$ as the independent variable and abbreviate $a={\sigma }_{a\mathrm{Th}}$, $b={\sigma }_{a\mathrm{U}}$ and $c={\sigma }_{c\mathrm{Th}}$. Substituting the parent solution into the second linear differential equation givesThe integrating factor is $e^{b\Phi }$. Integrating from the initial state yieldsThe first term is survival of the initial population; the second accumulates production at earlier exposures, weighted by subsequent survival. For $b=a$, the continuous limit is $(N_{U0}+c{N}_{Th0}\Phi )e^{-a\Phi }$. The same formula applies to a time-varying prescribed flux through $\Phi (t)$; intervals of zero flux leave both populations unchanged.