A metal-halide perovskite is a crystalline material in which a halide-based framework adopts the perovskite structure or a related arrangement. In the common description, is a metal cation, a halide and a larger charge-balancing cation, which can be inorganic or molecular.
Connectivity and distortion of the metal–halide framework influence electronic structure and optical absorption. This makes the family important in solar cells and light-emitting devices. The structural name alone does not specify one composition, stability or band gap; substitutions, dimensionality and defects can change those properties.
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Perovskite refers to a specific class of materials that have a characteristic crystal structure named after the mineral perovskite (CaTiO3), which was first discovered in the Ural Mountains in Russia. The general formula for perovskite-structured materials can be expressed as ABX3, where: - A is a cation (a positively charged ion) that occupies the larger dodecahedral sites.