A redshift estimated from multi-band fluxes or an inferred spectral energy distribution rather than directly resolved spectral-line wavelengths. calibration, templates, dust and population differences can produce biases and catastrophic outliers. In lensing or clustering analyses, the inferred source redshift distribution affects the geometric kernel as well as assignment to redshift bins.
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Photometric redshift, often abbreviated as "photo-z," is a method used in astrophysics and cosmology to estimate the redshift of astronomical objects, particularly galaxies, based on their observed colors in various photometric bands rather than through spectroscopic measurements. The redshift is a measure of how much the light from an object has been stretched due to the expansion of the universe and can provide crucial information about the object's distance, age, and motion.