Phylogenetic species concepts use ancestry and diagnostic inherited differences; versions differ over requiring a clade, an exclusive ancestry pattern at genetic loci, or a distinguishable character combination. State which criterion is intended. [ref]
For an original operational example, suppose a phylogenetic tree inferred from one genetic locus separates two sampled biological populations. Compare further genetic loci and additional local samples before interpreting that branch as a species boundary. Otherwise the test may merely identify the particular ancestry of the sampled alleles. Adding more sites from the same genetic locus improves that locus's evidence without creating an independent ancestry test.