Collapsing an essential meridian circle of a torus to one point gives the pinched torus. In the torus's CW structure, the two-cell attaches to two circles by the commutator. Collapsing one circle leaves one one-cell and a two-cell attached by a null-homotopic word. Thus the quotient is homotopy equivalent to . Its cellular chain groups are in degrees zero, one and two, with zero differentials, so its integral homology groups are and vanish in all higher degrees. This illustrates that collapsing a circle can preserve a top-dimensional homology class even while reducing the first homology rank.

Articles by others on the same topic (0)

There are currently no matching articles.