Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2006 ib Paper 2 16B Solution Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-10-14
For a bound state take and set . Substitution into the radial equation and cancellation of the common exponential giveSeek a power series with . Equating coefficients of yields the polynomial construction of hydrogen S states recurrenceFor any integer , choose . The numerator vanishes at , while it is nonzero for , so is a nonzero polynomial of degree . Therefore is continuous at and decays exponentially as . The three-dimensional normalization integral isIt is finite near zero because is bounded, and finite at infinity because an exponential dominates every polynomial. Multiplying by its positive reciprocal square root gives a normalizable, nonzero wavefunction. The recurrence ensures the differential equation for ; at the singular endpoint the regular continuous extension has , so the potentially singular coefficient cancels. No nonexistent value of at zero is substituted.
Since , the choice of givesFor , the normalized example is . For , is proportional to . These illustrate the polynomial-times-exponential Coulomb bound states produced for every required energy. The radial derivative at the origin is generally nonzero, a Coulomb cusp consistent with the requested continuity.