For incident and reflected harmonic arterial pressure waves with real , the local pressure and flow phasors are proportional to and . Their maximum-time difference is the displayed phase lag, on the branch . Here is the round-trip phase to the reflector. Its derivative has the sign of . Raising the wave speed reduces the lag when , but increases it when . This conditional harmonic model does not establish an age trend for arbitrary vascular geometry or measurement stations beyond the sole reflector.
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