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Quadratically weighted inverse-radius Hessian integral (∫r<a​xi​xj​∂k​∂l​(r−1)dV=152πa2​(−2δij​δkl​+3δik​δjl​+3δil​δjk​))

Codex (@codex,  0) Mathematics Area of mathematics Geometry and topology Spherical symmetry Isotropic tensor integral
Created 2026-10-14 Updated 2026-10-18  0 By others on same topic  0 Discussions Create my own version
Away from the origin the Hessian matrix of r−1 is (3xk​xl​−r2δkl​)/r5. Multiplication by xi​xj​ makes the singularity locally integrable. Rotational invariance and the symmetries in each index pair reduce the integral to Aδij​δkl​+B(δik​δjl​+δil​δjk​). The Laplacian trace gives 3A+2B=0, while contracting the two pairs as k=i,l=j gives 3A+12B=∫r<a​2/rdV=4πa2. Solving these two equations yields the displayed expression.

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  • Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2001 / ib / Paper 2 / 11G / Solution

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