An approximation that keeps slow electromagnetic time variation while treating propagation across characteristic size as rapid compared with the variation time . The dimensionless parameter measures that separation. Which terms of the Maxwell equations can be dropped still depends on the physical scaling; small propagation delay alone does not justify deleting both displacement current and electromagnetic induction. For a slowly driven parallel-plate capacitor, a nearly uniform gap electric field can coexist with the magnetic field generated by its changing electric flux.

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