Resonance fluorescence is light emitted by a quantum emitter driven near one of its resonant transitions. The scattered field can contain both an elastic component at the drive frequency and inelastic components arising from the driven atomic dynamics.
For a strongly driven two-level emitter, the inelastic spectrum develops the Mollow triplet, with sidebands related to the drive-induced splitting. Photon-counting correlations can also show photon antibunching, distinguishing the emission statistics from a classical coherent field. Spectrum and counting statistics probe different features of the same emitter.[ref]
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Resonance fluorescence is a process in which a photon with energy matching the energy difference between two quantum states of a system (such as an atom or molecule) is absorbed, promoting the system to an excited state. After a brief period in the excited state, the system returns to its lower energy state, emitting a photon in the process.