Horizontal strip 2026-10-05
A horizontal strip is a skew Young diagram containing at most one cell in each column. Equivalently, is a horizontal strip when for all . The multiplicity of the trivial representation in the associated skew representation of a symmetric group is one for horizontal strips and zero otherwise. A column with two cells supplies a cyclic tableau vector on which an adjacent transposition acts by , excluding invariants.
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2017 iii Paper 103 4 a Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-05
The inclusion here is inclusion of Young diagrams, not the dominance order on partitions. The skew Young diagram is the set difference of their cells. Two cells are adjacent when they share an edge. It is connected when any two cells can be joined by such steps, and is a rim hook when it is connected and contains no square. Under the usual edge-adjacency convention a totally disconnected skew Young diagram has only singleton components, equivalently no two cells share an edge. A horizontal strip instead means at most one cell per column; this distinction matters for the last part of this question.
A standard skew Young tableau is a linear extension of a partially ordered set: the cells are ordered by the row and column inequalities, and the tableau lists them in increasing label order. Write the current list as and let be the desired label of in . Then is the one-line notation of the unique permutation with .
Whenever this list of desired labels is not increasing, there is an adjacent descent . The cells are incomparable in the cell partial order: if they were comparable, both and would have to put them in the same order. Interchanging their consecutive current labels is therefore admissible. It removes exactly one inversion of a permutation from the list of desired labels. Repeating ends at after exactly the original inversion count, which is the Coxeter length . ThusThis proves the reduced adjacent-swap path between linear extensions and applies equally to ordinary tableaux.
Standard skew Young tableau 2026-10-05
A standard skew Young tableau fills the cells of a skew Young diagram bijectively with , increasing along each row and column. Equivalently it is a linear extension of a partially ordered set formed from the row and column inequalities. Interchanging consecutive labels preserves standardness exactly when their cells are incomparable in that partial order.
Totally disconnected skew Young diagram 2026-10-05
Under edge adjacency, a skew Young diagram is totally disconnected when every component has one cell. This means that no two cells share an edge. It is stronger than being a horizontal strip, which excludes repeated columns but permits adjacent cells in one row. The trivial-constituent criterion for a skew representation of a symmetric group concerns horizontal strips, not total disconnection in this sense.