Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2019 iii Paper 315 4 d Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-05
Assume a hydrogen-helium perfect gas with mean particle mass , Jupiter gravity , and mixing over one atmospheric scale height. At ,The eddy mixing time is . A chemical quench level at one bar requires , hence the vertical eddy diffusion coefficient must be of orderThe number depends quadratically on the assumed mixing length; using a fraction of reduces it accordingly.
Above the chemical quench level, neglect photochemistry, condensation, and molecular diffusion. The quenched atmospheric mixing ratio is approximately constant, while the number density isThus the abundance fraction is frozen, but the absolute number density falls with pressure and altitude. Examples are carbon monoxide–methane quenching, through , and nitrogen–ammonia quenching, through .