Amplifier Updated 2025-07-16
Main implementations: the same as electronic switches: vacuum tubes in the past, and transistors in the second half of the 20th century.
Video 1.
How to make an LM386 audio amplifier circuit by Afrotechmods (2017)
Source. Builds the circuit on a breadboard from minimal components, including one discrete transistor. Then plays music from phone through headset cables into a speaker.
System call Updated 2025-07-16
Ubuntu Updated 2025-07-16
Ciro Santilli's Linux distro of choice as of 2019.
It ain't perfect, but it's decent enough.
The greatest advantage of it being that it has the likely largest desktop user base, and therefore the highest likelihood that your problems are solved on Ask Ubuntu, and goes together with Ciro's philosophy that "people should do everything in the same way to factor stuff out", especially the open source losers.
Ciro considers that the killer flaw of Ubuntu, and most desktop distros of 2020, is that no one under the Sun knows how to build them fully from source: Linux distribution buildable from source. This is why Ciro based the Linux Kernel Module Cheat on Buildroot, see also: Linux distribution buildable from source.
Analog computer Updated 2025-07-16
Some of the earlier computers of the 20th centure were analog computers, not digital.
At some point analog died however, and "computer" basically by default started meaning just "digital computer".
As of the 2010's and forward, with the limit of Moore's law and the rise of machine learning, people have started looking again into analog computing as a possile way forward. A key insight is that huge floating point precision is not that crucial in many deep learning applications, e.g. many new digital designs have tried 16-bit floating point as opposed to the more traditional 32-bit minium. Some papers are even looking into 8-bit: dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/3327757.3327866
As an example, the Lightmatter company was trying to implement silicon photonics-based matrix multiplication.
A general intuition behind this type of development is that the human brain, the holy grail of machine learning, is itself an analog computer.
Cell nucleus Updated 2025-07-16
First install NVM/NPM as shown at and then:
git clone https://github.com/cirosantilli/cirosantilli.github.io
cd cirosantilli.github.io
npm install
ourbigbook .
xdg-open index.html
UNIX Updated 2025-07-16
Android (operating system) Updated 2025-07-16
However, many, many, many terrible horrors come with it:
Oxford Updated 2025-07-16
The city clearly exists because it is in the confluence of the river Thames and the River Cherwell. In such confluences, terrain tends to be flat, and fords are also common, with crossings wide and shallow, and so it was an important crossing place.
Notably, the River Cherwell is a natural link between London and the North towards Coventry, and then Birmingham, as it, and then the Thames in which it goes into, puncture through both the Chilterns, then North Essex Downs and the Cotswolds hills. The M40.
SendGrid Updated 2025-07-16
The first one Ciro Santilli managed to get working in 2022, and which has a free plan.
You can either verify your sending domain by adding 3 DNS records.
Saw the email on Gmail, but Microsoft Outlook did put it into junk though. Yahoo mail also worked fine.
100 emails a day is not insane, but it is forever and appropriate for a test, I'm happy with that.

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