Calcium Updated 2025-07-16
Calculus Updated 2025-07-16
Well summarized as "the branch of mathematics that deals with limits".
Calibre (software) Updated 2025-07-16
Sometimes Ciro Santilli says half jokingly that user interface does not matter.
This software circa 2010-2020 makes that joke not be funny.
How can a UI feel so clunky!
The most aggravating thing is that it is not immediately obvious why it feels so bad.
Calysta Updated 2025-07-16
Cambridge Updated 2025-07-16
Contains the University of Cambridge, that's about it really, from that everything follows.
The city appear to exist there because it was a convenient crossing of the Cam. It also lies near the start of the ancient navigable section TODO towards north or south? Castle hill also offered a convenient fortification location near the river, and is part of the reason for the early Roman settlement. The original bridge was presumably in the current Magnalene bridge, just under the castle hill.
TODO why did the University of Oxford scholars flee to after the The hanging of the clerks in 1209? Why not anywhere else?
Cambridgeshire Updated 2025-07-16
Video 1.
Being a Dickhead's Cool by Reuben Dangoor (2010)
Source.
Can AGI be trained in simulations? Updated 2025-07-16
Or is real word data necessary, e.g. with robots?
Fundamental question related to Ciro's 2D reinforcement learning games.
Bibliography:
Capacitor Updated 2025-07-16
The fundamental intuition about capacitors is that they never let electrons through.
They can only absorb electrons up to a certain point, but then the pushback becomes too strong, and current stops.
Therefore, they cannot conduct direct current long term.
For alternating current however, things are different, because in alternating current, electrons are just jiggling back and forward a little bit around a center point. So you can send alternating current power across a capacitor.
The key equation that relates Voltage to electric current in the capacitor is:
So if a voltage Heavyside step function is applied what happens is:
  • the capacitor fills up instantly with an infinite current
  • the current then stops instantly
More realistically, one may consider the behavior or the series RC circuit to see what happens without infinities when a capacitor is involved as in the step response of the series RC circuit.
Video 1.
Finding capacitance with an oscilloscope by Jacob Watts (2020)
Source. Good experiment.
Car Updated 2025-07-16
Carbon Updated 2025-07-16
Carbon-13 Updated 2025-07-16
Cardano Updated 2025-07-16
This was getting very hot as of 2022 for some reason. Would be good to understand why besides the awesome name.
Cardinality Updated 2025-07-16
The size of a set.
For finite sizes, the definition is simple, and the intuitive name "size" matches well.
But for infinity, things are messier, e.g. the size of the real numbers is strictly larger than the size of the integers as shown by Cantor's diagonal argument, which is kind of what justifies a fancier word "cardinality" to distinguish it from the more normal word "size".
The key idea is to compare set sizes with bijections.

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