Ciro Santilli @cirosantilli 37

Obelisk is the Artificial General Intelligence laboratory at Astera. We are focused on the following problems: How does an agent continuously adapt to a changing environment and incorporate new information? In a complicated stochastic environment with sparse rewards, how does an agent associate rewards with the correct set of actions that led to those rewards? How does higher level planning arise?

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Get all Bitcoin transactions from and to a given address Updated 2025-07-16

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Get Bitcoin transaction id from position in dat file Updated 2025-07-16

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Suppose we specify:

a .dat file
the offset in bytes within that file

The question then is, which transaction is encoded at that position of the file?

This would allow us to index inscriptions in the .dat files directly with fast C tools, and then retrive the transaction ID to get cleaner data and metadata.

It should be possible if we managed to take the information from bitcoindev.network/understanding-the-data/ and dump into an indexed SQLite database.

I tried to start things off with LevelDBDumper:

LevelDBDumper -d ~/snap/bitcoin-core/common/.bitcoin/indexes/txindex -f btc.csv -q -o . -t csv

but that consumed all 64 GB of RAM on P51... github.com/mdawsonuk/LevelDBDumper/issues/15

But OK, nevermind that repo, it can be done easily with the LevelDB API of any language: bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/121888/what-is-the-data-format-layout-for-txindex-leveldb-values. Just the data seems wrong and we don't know why.

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At sign Updated 2025-07-16

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Finding unspent puzzle scripts Updated 2025-07-16

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github.com/cirosantilli/bitcoin-inscription-indexer?tab=readme-ov-file#utxo_nonstandard

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Open mathematics book Updated 2025-07-16

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Semantics Updated 2025-07-16

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Sponsor updates Updated 2025-07-16

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Opera Magistris Updated 2025-07-16

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www.sciences.ch/

v3 LaTeX source code: github.com/OperaMagistris/Opera_Magistris_English_v3

Very unfortunate license "public domain license" with a "non religious" clause, whatever the fuck that is, which completely defeats the point of a public domain declaration:

The source code and text is under Public License and therefore can be used, translated and distributed at free will.
It is only banned to use the text and content for religious propaganda.

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OurBigBook feature Updated 2025-07-16

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Bitcoin inscription bibliography Updated 2025-07-16

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en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_bitcoin#Arbitrary_blockchain_content

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Crate image with given text in ImageMagick Updated 2025-07-16

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Digits 0 to 9, white on black background:

for i in `seq 0 9`; do convert -size 512x512 xc:black -pointsize 500 -gravity center -fill white -draw "text 0,0 \"$i\"" $i.png; done

Bibliography:

stackoverflow.com/questions/67012057/how-to-generate-an-image-with-a-number-in-it

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Crystal radio Updated 2025-07-16

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This was the first generation of commercially successful radios.

It uses a crystal detector as its diode, which is a crucial element of the radio, thus its name.

They were superseded by transistor radios, which were much more reliable, portable and could amplify the signal received.

Video 1.

How a Crystal radio Works by RimstarOrg

. Source.

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SPARQL tutorial Updated 2025-07-16

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In this tutorial, we will use the Jena SPARQL hello world as a starting point. Tested on Apache Jena 4.10.0.

Basic query on rdf/vcard.ttl RDF Turtle data to find the person with full name "John Smith":

sparql --data=rdf/vcard.ttl --query=<( printf '%s\n' 'SELECT ?x WHERE { ?x <http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#FN> "John Smith" }')

Output:

---------------------------------
| x                             |
=================================
| <http://somewhere/JohnSmith/> |
---------------------------------

To avoid writing http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0# a billion times as queries grow larger, we can use the PREFIX syntax:

sparql --data=rdf/vcard.ttl --query=<( printf '%s\n' '
PREFIX vc: <http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#>
SELECT ?x
WHERE { ?x vc:FN "John Smith" }
')

Output:

---------------------------------
| x                             |
=================================
| <http://somewhere/JohnSmith/> |
---------------------------------

Bibliography:

UniProt contains some amazing examples runnable on their servers: sparql.uniprot.org/.well-known/sparql-examples/

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tcpdump Updated 2025-07-16

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To test it, let's get two computers on the same local area network, e.g. connected to Wi-Fi on the same home modem router.

On computer B:

find computer IP with the ip CLI tool. Suppose it is 192.168.1.102
then run Ciro's nc HTTP test server

On computer A, run on terminal 1:

sudo tcpdump ip src 192.168.1.102 or dst 192.168.1.102

Then on terminal 2 make a test request:

curl 192.168.1.102:8000

Output on terminal 1:

17:14:22.017001 IP ciro-p14s.55798 > 192.168.1.102.8000: Flags [S], seq 2563867413, win 64240, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 303966323 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0
17:14:22.073957 IP 192.168.1.102.8000 > ciro-p14s.55798: Flags [S.], seq 1371418143, ack 2563867414, win 65160, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 171832817 ecr 303966323,nop,wscale 7], length 0
17:14:22.074002 IP ciro-p14s.55798 > 192.168.1.102.8000: Flags [.], ack 1, win 502, options [nop,nop,TS val 303966380 ecr 171832817], length 0
17:14:22.074195 IP ciro-p14s.55798 > 192.168.1.102.8000: Flags [P.], seq 1:82, ack 1, win 502, options [nop,nop,TS val 303966380 ecr 171832817], length 81
17:14:22.076710 IP 192.168.1.102.8000 > ciro-p14s.55798: Flags [P.], seq 1:80, ack 1, win 510, options [nop,nop,TS val 171832821 ecr 303966380], length 79
17:14:22.076710 IP 192.168.1.102.8000 > ciro-p14s.55798: Flags [.], ack 82, win 510, options [nop,nop,TS val 171832821 ecr 303966380], length 0
17:14:22.076727 IP ciro-p14s.55798 > 192.168.1.102.8000: Flags [.], ack 80, win 502, options [nop,nop,TS val 303966383 ecr 171832821], length 0
17:14:22.077006 IP ciro-p14s.55798 > 192.168.1.102.8000: Flags [F.], seq 82, ack 80, win 502, options [nop,nop,TS val 303966383 ecr 171832821], length 0
17:14:22.077564 IP 192.168.1.102.8000 > ciro-p14s.55798: Flags [F.], seq 80, ack 82, win 510, options [nop,nop,TS val 171832821 ecr 303966380], length 0
17:14:22.077578 IP ciro-p14s.55798 > 192.168.1.102.8000: Flags [.], ack 81, win 502, options [nop,nop,TS val 303966384 ecr 171832821], length 0
17:14:22.079429 IP 192.168.1.102.8000 > ciro-p14s.55798: Flags [.], ack 83, win 510, options [nop,nop,TS val 171832824 ecr 303966383], length 0

TODO understand them all! Possibly correlate with Wireshark, or use -A option to dump content.

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