Ciro Santilli @cirosantilli 37

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GraphQL Updated 2025-07-16

This is really good.

It allows the client to prepare a single request that gets all the data it wants to fill up a given webpage, rather than doing several separate requests.

So it only gets exactly what it needs, and in a single request.

Very sweet. This is the future of the web.

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Hogwarts Updated 2025-07-16

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iPhone Updated 2025-07-16

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Micro black hole Updated 2025-07-16

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How to use an Oxford Nanopore MinION to extract DNA from river water and determine which bacteria live in it / KNF Laboport series laboratory vacuum pump Updated 2025-07-16

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www.knfusa.com/en/laboport/ (archive).

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ZX-calculus biliography Updated 2025-07-16

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Computer security researcher Updated 2025-07-16

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Ciro Santilli found out that he likes computer security researchers and vice versa.

It's a bit the same reason why he likes physicists: you can't bullshit with security.

You can't just talk nice and hope for people to belive you.

You can't not try to break things and just keep everyone happy in their false illusion of safety.

You can't do a half job.

If you do any of that, you will get your ass handed to you in a little gift bag.

All of this is closely linked to Ciro Santilli's self perceived creative personality and being naughty and creative are correlated.

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python/sympy_cheat/logarithm_integral.py Updated 2025-07-16

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Handscroll Updated 2025-07-16

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Ciro Santilli's favorite. A mixture of painting and book.

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History of the Internet Updated 2025-07-16

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SQL histogram Updated 2025-07-16

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OK, there's a billion questions:

SQL Server
- stackoverflow.com/questions/485409/generating-a-histogram-from-column-values-in-a-database OP did not know the difference between count and histogram :-) But it's the number one Google result.
- stackoverflow.com/questions/19103991/create-range-bins-from-sql-server-table-for-histograms has a minor extra group by twist, but otherwise fine
- stackoverflow.com/questions/16268441/generate-histogram-in-sql-server
SQLite
- stackoverflow.com/questions/67514208/how-to-optimise-creating-histogram-bins-in-sqlite perf only, benchmarking would be needed. SQLite.
- stackoverflow.com/questions/32155449/create-a-histogram-with-a-dynamic-number-of-partitions-in-sqlite variable bin size, same number of entries per bin
- stackoverflow.com/questions/60348109/histogram-for-time-periods-using-sqlite-regular-buckets-1h-wide time
MySQL: stackoverflow.com/questions/1764881/getting-data-for-histogram-plot MySQL appears to extend ROUND to also round by integers: ROUND(numeric_value, -2), but this is not widely portable which is a shame
stackoverflow.com/questions/72367652/populating-empty-bins-in-a-histogram-generated-using-sql specifically asks about empty bins, which is amazing. Amazon Redshift dialect unfortunately, but answer provided works widely, and Redshift was forked from PostgreSQL, so there's hope. Those newb open source server focused projects that don't use AGPL!

Let's try it on SQLite 3.40.1, Ubuntu 23.04. Data setup:

sqlite3 tmp.sqlite 'create table t(x integer)'
sqlite3 tmp.sqlite <<EOF
insert into t values (
  0,
  2,
  2,
  3,

  5,
  6,
  6,
  8,
  9,

  17,
)
EOF
sqlite3 tmp.sqlite 'create index tx on t(x)'

For a bin size of 5 ignoring empty ranges we can:

sqlite3 tmp.sqlite <<EOF
select floor(x/5)*5 as x,
       count(*) as cnt
from t
group by 1
order by 1
EOF

which produces the desired:

0|4
5|5
15|1

And to consider empty ranges we can use SQL genenerate_series + as per stackoverflow.com/questions/72367652/populating-empty-bins-in-a-histogram-generated-using-sql:

sqlite3 tmp.sqlite <<EOF
select x, sum(cnt) from (
  select floor(x/5)*5 as x,
         count(*) as cnt
    from t
    group by 1
  union
  select *, 0 as cnt from generate_series(0, 15, 5)
)
group by x
EOF

which outputs the desired: