Ciro Santilli @cirosantilli  40

The Kibble balance is so precise and reproducible that it was responsible for the 2019 redefinition of the Kilogram.

It relies rely on not one, but three macroscopic quantum mechanical effects:How cool is that! As usual, the advantage of those effects is that they are discrete, and have very fixed values that don't depend either:One downside of using some quantum mechanical effects is that you have to cool everything down to 5K. But that's OK, we've got liquid helium!

The operating principle is something along:Then, based on all this, you can determine how much the object weights.

Bibliography:

An overview of what you can do with a pre-shared key with tradeoffs can be found at: quantumcomputing.stackexchange.com/questions/142/advantage-of-quantum-key-distribution-over-post-quantum-cryptography/25727#25727 The options are:

The fact that you cannot have trailing commans in lists or dicts as in 3, at:is one of the most infuriating design choices of all time!!!

Maximum current that can flow across a Josephson junction, as can be directly seen from the Josephson equations.

Is a fixed characteristic value of the physical construction of the junction.

A function $\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$ defined by the second of the Josephson equations plus initial conditions.

It represents an internal state of the junction.

This is what happens when you apply a DC voltage across a Josephson junction.

It is called "AC effect" because when we apply a DC voltage, it produces an alternating current on the device.

By looking at the Josephson equations, we see that $V(t)=k$ a positive constant, then $\phi$ just increases linearly without bound.

Therefore, from the first equation:we see that the current will just vary sinusoidally between $\pm I_c$.

This meas that we can use a Josephson junction as a perfect voltage to frequency converter.

Wikipedia mentions that this frequency is $484GHz/mV$, so it is very very high, so we are not able to view individual points of the sine curve separately with our instruments.

Also it is likely not going to be very useful for many practical applications in this mode.

An I-V curve can also be seen at: Figure "Electron microscope image of a Josephson junction its I-V curve".

If you shine microwave radiation on a Josephson junction, it produces a fixed average voltage that depends only on the frequency of the microwave. TODO how is that done more precisely? How to you produce and inject microwaves into the thing?

It acts therefore as a perfect frequency to voltage converter.

The Wiki page gives the formula: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josephson_effect#The_inverse_AC_Josephson_effect You get several sinusoidal harmonics, so the output is not a perfect sine. But the infinite sum of the harmonics has a fixed average voltage value.

And en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josephson_voltage_standard#Josephson_effect mentions that the effect is independent of the junction material, physical dimension or temperature.

All of the above, compounded with the fact that we are able to generate microwaves with extremely precise frequency with an atomic clock, makes this phenomenon perfect as a Volt standard, the Josephson voltage standard.

TODO understand how/why it works better.

A pre-Jesus-like figure, likely possibly a mentor or competitor with Jesus.

He would have deserved a scene in Jesus Christ Superstar (1973).

Matthew 10:16-23 Coming Persecutions, where Jesus before being persecuted warns his disciples that there is evil in the world and that they must be aware of it, all while being pure at heart:

One is reminded of Nick Leeson.

One things must be said: the root cause of all of this is the replication crisis.

This is why he managed to go on for so long.

People felt it was normal to have to try for one or two years to replicate a paper.

Turkish Islamic sect.

Ciro Santilli once was at student a hackthon, where he proposed working on OurBigBook.com to others.

The only person who showed interest was a follower of the sect.

It seems that they put a lot of emphasis in education.

Also, their self-name is Hizmet, which translates as "service".

That day, Mr. Fethullah Gülen gained some Cirocoins.

Hardcoded and unique network addresses for every single device on Earth.

Started with 48 bits (6 bytes), usually given as 01:23:45:67:89:AB but people now encouraged to use 64-bit ones.

How they are assigned: www.quora.com/How-are-MAC-addresses-assigned Basically IEEE gives out the 3 first bytes to device manufacturers that register, this is called the organizationally unique identifier, and then each manufacturer keeps their own devices unique.