Ciro Santilli @cirosantilli 37

People are mostly saying you have to be a more of a genius amateur to read it.

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Rack unit  Updated 2025-07-01  +Created 1970-01-01

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Relativistic Quantum Mechanics by Apoorva D Patel (2014)  Updated 2025-07-01  +Created 1970-01-01

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www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbMVogVj5nJTDMhThY9xu2Tvg0u1RPuxO

45 1 hour lessons. The Indian traditional music opening is the best.

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ResNet variant  Updated 2025-07-01  +Created 1970-01-01

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Signal feature request  Updated 2025-07-01  +Created 1970-01-01

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Silk Road (film)  Updated 2025-07-01  +Created 1970-01-01

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We need a mini-series, this just doesn't have enough time. Notably, too much focus on dob, and not enough on the development of Silk Road iteslf. Though it is cool to see what his motivations might have been like. One wonders how realistic the character is. Though him meeting Ross Ulbricht personally sounds exceptionally unlikely.

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Noisy intermediate-scale quantum era  Updated 2025-07-01  +Created 1970-01-01

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Era of quantum computing before we reach physical errors small enough to do perfect quantum error correction as demonstrated by the quantum threshold theorem.

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Raspberry Pi 1  Updated 2025-07-01  +Created 1970-01-01

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Saint Peter  Updated 2025-07-01  +Created 1970-01-01

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Brother of andrew the Apostle, called by Jesus in fishers of men. Born Simon, but Jesus renamed him to Peter, thus the weird "Simon called Peter" way he is referred to as in some versions of the Bible.

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Sandy Lerner nude photo  Updated 2025-07-01  +Created 1970-01-01

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She posed naked on horseback for Forbes to promote animal rights in 1997.

A ultra low resolution reproduction of the image can be found at: rohitnair.wordpress.com/2011/12/13/cisco-history-cisco-systems-history-and-trivia-brand-history-and-trivia/

She's kind of lying on top of the horse's back, and you can't see much, just some tastefully light erotica. It's not like she's fucking the horse or anything.

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Sequoia Capital  Updated 2025-07-01  +Created 1970-01-01

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Video 1.

Target Big Markets by Don Valentine (2010)

Source.

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Term symbols for carbon ground state  Updated 2025-07-01  +Created 1970-01-01

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This example covered for example at Video 1. "Term Symbols Example 1 by TMP Chem (2015)".

Carbon has electronic structure 1s2 2s2 2p2.

For term symbols we only care about unfilled layers, because in every filled layer the total z angular momentum is 0, as one electron necessarily cancels out each other:

magnetic quantum number varies from -l to +l, each with z angular momentum $- l ℏ$ to $+ l ℏ$ and so each cancels the other out
spin quantum number is either + or minus half, and so each pair of electron cancels the other out

So in this case, we only care about the 2 electrons in 2p2. Let's list out all possible ways in which the 2p2 electrons can be.

There are 3 p orbitals, with three different magnetic quantum numbers, each representing a different possible z quantum angular momentum.

We are going to distribute 2 electrons with 2 different spins across them. All the possible distributions that don't violate the Pauli exclusion principle are:

m_l  +1  0 -1  m_L  m_S
     u_ u_ __    1    1
     u_ __ u_    0    1
     __ u_ u_   -1    1
     d_ d_ __    1   -1
     d_ __ d_    0   -1
     __ d_ d_   -1   -1
     u_ d_ __    1    0
     d_ u_ __    1    0
     u_ __ d_    0    0
     d_ __ u_    0    0
     __ u_ d_   -1    0
     __ d_ u_   -1    0
     ud __ __    2    0
     __ ud __    0    0
     __ __ ud   -2    0

where:

m_l is $m_{l}$ , the magnetic quantum number of each electron. Remember that this gives a orbital (non-spin) quantum angular momentum of $m_{l} ℏ$ to each such electron
m_L with a capital L is the sum of the $m_{l}$ of each electron
m_S with a capital S is the sum of the spin angular momentum of each electron

For example, on the first line:

m_l  +1  0 -1  m_L  m_S
     u_ u_ __    1    1

we have:

one electron with $m_{l} = + 1$ , and so angular momentum $ℏ$
one electron with $m_{l} = + 0$ , and so angular momentum 0

and so the sum of them has angular momentum

0 + 1ℏ = 1ℏ

. So the value of

m_{L}

is 1, we just omit the

ℏ

TODO now I don't understand the logic behind the next steps... I understand how to mechanically do them, but what do they mean? Can you determine the term symbol for individual microstates at all? Or do you have to group them to get the answer? Since there are multiple choices in some steps, it appears that you can't assign a specific term symbol to an individual microstate. And it has something to do with the Slater determinant. The previous lecture mentions it: www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_8n1TS-8Y0 more precisely youtu.be/7_8n1TS-8Y0?t=2268 about carbon.

youtu.be/DAgEmLWpYjs?t=2675 mentions that

^{3} D

is not allowed because it would imply

L = 2, S = 1

, which would be a state uu __ __ which violates the Pauli exclusion principle, and so was not listed on our list of 15 states.

He then goes for

^{1} D

and mentions:

S = 1 so $m_{S}$ can only be 0
L = 2 (D) so $m_{L}$ ranges in -2, -1, 0, 1, 2

and so that corresponds to states on our list:

ud __ __    2    0
u_ d_ __    1    0
u_ __ d_    0    0
__ u_ d_   -1    0
__ __ ud   -2    0

Note that for some we had a two choices, so we just pick any one of them and tick them off off from the table, which now looks like:

 +1  0 -1  m_L  m_S
 u_ u_ __    1    1
 u_ __ u_    0    1
 __ u_ u_   -1    1
 d_ d_ __    1   -1
 d_ __ d_    0   -1
 __ d_ d_   -1   -1
 d_ u_ __    1    0
 d_ __ u_    0    0
 __ d_ u_   -1    0
 __ ud __    0    0

Then for

^{3} P

the choices are:

S = 2 so $m_{S}$ is either -1, 0 or 1
L = 1 (P) so $m_{L}$ ranges in -1, 0, 1

so we have 9 possibilities for both together. We again verify that 9 such states are left matching those criteria, and tick them off, and so on.

For the

m_{S}

, we have two electrons with spin up. The angular momentum of each electron is

1/2ℏ

, and so given that we have two, the total is

1ℏ

, so again we omit

ℏ

and

m_{S}

is 1.

Video 1.

Term Symbols Example 1 by TMP Chem (2015)

Source. Carbon atom.

Bibliography:

youtu.be/DAgEmLWpYjs?t=1962 from Video "Atomic Term Symbols by T. Daniel Crawford (2016)"

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CIA 2010 covert communication websites / USA spying on its own allies  Updated 2025-07-01  +Created 1970-01-01

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Being Brazilian, Ciro Santilli was particularly curious about the existence of a Brazil-focused mentioned in the Reuters article, as well as in other democracies.

WTF the CIA was doing in Brazil in the early 2010s! Wasn't helping to install the Military dictatorship in Brazil enough!

Here are the websites likely targeting democracies based on their language and content found so far, defining a democracy as a country with score 7.0 or more in the Democracy index 2010:In English, so more deniable:

Japan (1: snapnewsfront.net)
Canada (2: kanata-news.com, mynewscheck.com)
Philippines (1: half-court.net)
India (1: amishkanews.com)

"Almost democracies":

Croatia (2: european-footballer.com, stara-turistick.com)
Thailand (1: thefairwaysaregreen.com)
Peru (1: todosperuahora.com)

Ciro couldn't help but feel as if looking through the Eyes of Sauron himself!

It is worth noting that democracies represent just a small minority of the websites found. The Middle East, and Spanish language sites (presumably for Venezuela + war on drugs countries?) where the huge majority. But Americans have to understand that democracies have to work together and build mutual trust, and not spy on one another. Even some of the enlightened people from Hacker News seem to not grasp this point. The USA cannot single handedly maintain world order as it once could. Collaboration based on trust is the only way.

Snowden's 2013 revelations particularly shocked USA "allies" with the fact that they were being spied upon, and as of the 2020's, everybody knows this and has "stopped caring", and or moved to end-to-end encryption by default. This is beautifully illustrated in the Snowden when Snowden talks about his time in Japan working for Dell as an undercover NSA operative:

NSA wanted to impress the Japanese. Show them our reach. They loved the live video from drones. This is Pakistan right now [video shows CIA agents demonstrating drone footage to Japanese officials]. They were not as excited about that we wanted their help to spy on the Japanese population. They said it was against their laws.
We bugged the country anyway, of course.
And we did not stop there. Once we had their communications we continued with the physical infrastructure. We sneaked into small programs in their power grids, dams, hospitals. The idea was that if Japan one day was not our allies we could turn off the lights.
And it was not just Japan. We planted software in Mexico, Germany, Brazil, Austria.
China, I can understand. Or Russia or Iran. Venezuela, okay.
But Austria?! [shows footage of cow on an idyllic Alpine mountain grazing field, suggesting that there is nothing in Austria to spy on]

Video 1.

But Austria?! scene from Snowden (2016)

Source.

Another noteworthy scene from that movie is Video 2. "Aptitude test on communication networks scene from the 2016 Snowden film", where a bunch of new CIA recruits are told that:

Each of you is going to build a covert communications network in your home city [i.e. their fictitious foreign target location written on each person's desk such as Berlin, Istanbul and Bangkok, not necessarily where they were actually born], you're going to deploy it, backup your site, destroy it, and restore it again.