After a translation between linear and physical address happens, it is stored on the TLB. For example, a 4 entry TLB starts in the following state:
  valid  linear  physical
  -----  ------  --------
> 0      00000   00000
  0      00000   00000
  0      00000   00000
  0      00000   00000
The > indicates the current entry to be replaced.
And after a page linear address 00003 is translated to a physical address 00005, the TLB becomes:
  valid  linear  physical
  -----  ------  --------
  1      00003   00005
> 0      00000   00000
  0      00000   00000
  0      00000   00000
and after a second translation of 00007 to 00009 it becomes:
  valid  linear  physical
  -----  ------  --------
  1      00003   00005
  1      00007   00009
> 0      00000   00000
  0      00000   00000
Now if 00003 needs to be translated again, hardware first looks up the TLB and finds out its address with a single RAM access 00003 --> 00005.
Of course, 00000 is not on the TLB since no valid entry contains 00000 as a key.
The art of programming by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
Just art:
  • useless mathy stuff
  • incredibly nifty little tools that are just so satisfying to use it is mind blowing:
  • media related stuff
Parenteral nutrition by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
For some reason, this is one of the things that makes Ciro Santilli want to puke the most. More than surgery or blood.
Markov chain by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
A directed weighted graph where the sum of weights of all outgoing edges equals 1.
Human Genome Project by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
As mentioned by Craig Venter in 100 Greatest Discoveries by the Discovery Channel (2004-2005), the main outcomes of the project were:
Important predecessors:

Unlisted articles are being shown, click here to show only listed articles.