Transcription factor for E. Coli K-12 MG1655 operon thrLABC as shown at biocyc.org/ECOLI/NEW-IMAGE?object=TU0-42486.
Note that this is very close to the "end" of the genome.
Research group of the Department of physics of the University of Oxford by 
Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16 Superconducting qubits are bad because it is harder to ensure that they are all the same by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16This is unlike atomic systems like trapped ion quantum computers, where each atom is necessarily exactly the same as the other.
From the 2020/2021 Oxford physics course handbooks we can determine the following structure:
- Year 1 (CP, "Coure Preliminaries", "Prelims"). Take all of:
- CP1 Classical mechanics, Special relativity
- CP2 Electromagnetism, circuit theory and optics
- CP3 Mathematical methods 1. Complex Numbers and Ordinary Differential Equations. Vectors and Matrices.
- CP4 Mathematical methods 2. Multiple Integrals and Vector Calculus. Normal Modes, Wave Motion and the Wave Equation.
- Year 2 (Part A). Take all of:
- A1 Thermal physics. Kinetic Theory, Heat Transport, Thermodynamics.
- A2 Electromagnetism and optics
- A3 Quantum physics. Quantum Mechanics and Further Quantum Mechanics.
- Short options: at least one of:
- Mathematical Methods
- Probability and Statistics
- S01 Functions of a Complex Variable
- S07 Classical Mechanics
- S10 Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy
- S13 Teaching and Learning Physics in Schools
- S14 History of Physics
- S20 History of Science
- S21 Philosophy of Science
- S22 Language Options
- S25 Climate Physics
- S27 Philosophy of Space-Time
- S29 Exploring Solar Systems
- S33 Entrepreneurship for Physicists
- Year 3 (Part B). Take all of:
- Michaelmas term
- Hilary term
- B1 Fluids
- B3 Atomic and laser physics
- B5 General relativity
- B7 Classical Mechanics (for MPhysPhil only?)
- B8 Computational Project
- B9 Experimental Project
- Year 4 (MPhys). Select two from:
Trinity term, the third and final term of each year, contains mostly revision from the previous two terms, after which students take their final exams, which basically account for their entire grade. Trinity is therefore a very tense part of the year for the students. After that they have summer holidays, until coming back for the next year of madness.
The official external course landing page: www.ox.ac.uk/admissions/undergraduate/courses/course-listing/physics. 2021 archive: web.archive.org/web/20221208212856/https://www.ox.ac.uk/admissions/undergraduate/courses/course-listing/physics) In those pages we see the rough structure, except that it does not have the course codes "A1" etc., and some courses are missing.
At web.archive.org/web/20221229021312/https://www2.physics.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2011-06-03/course_v3_pdf_80151.pdf page 11 we can see the global course structure giving the two options, 3 year BA or 4 year Oxford physics masters:
Year 1
(Prelims)
|
|
v
Year 2
(Part A)
|
+-----------+
| |
v v
Year 3 BA Year 3 (MPhys)
(Part B) (Part B)
| |
| |
v v
BA Year 4
(Part C)
|
|
v
MPhysPractical courses notes: www-teaching.physics.ox.ac.uk/
Some others with lecture notes:
Example where this level is sufficient: nodejs/sequelize/raw/parallel_update_async.js.
The best instrumental songs: Section "The best Chinese traditional instrumental music"
In the process of moving out of: cirosantilli.com/china-dictatorship/music
Bibliography:
- Ciro Santilli's YouTube playlist: www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLcZOZrP1P_V5J2P3ogZNpya0BAuPEgyuE
- Reddit:
- www.reddit.com/r/classicalmusic/comments/op54d5/traditional_chinese_music_recommendations_helpful/ "Traditional Chinese Music Recommendations & Helpful Sources" by
_AsyA_(2021). This user knows a bit as shown in description. - www.reddit.com/r/China/comments/1ejy8jw/how_to_get_into_traditionalclassical_chinese_music/ "How to get into traditional/classical chinese music?" by Ultimate_CockSucker (2024)
- www.reddit.com/r/Chinese/comments/150sf4y/what_are_some_really_good_traditional_chinese/ "What are some really good Traditional Chinese music artists?" by Flimsy-Assumption513 (2023)
- www.reddit.com/r/classicalmusic/comments/op54d5/traditional_chinese_music_recommendations_helpful/ "Traditional Chinese Music Recommendations & Helpful Sources" by
Can be calculated efficiently with the Extended Euclidean algorithm.
One of its main applications is to determine the 3D structure of proteins.
Sometimes you are not able to crystallize the proteins however, and the method cannot be used.
Crystallizing is not simple because:
Cryogenic electron microscopy can sometimes determine the structures of proteins that failed crystallization.
Ciro Santilli would like to fully understand the statements and motivations of each the problems!
Easy to understand the motivation:
- Navier-Stokes existence and smoothness is basically the only problem that is really easy to understand the statement and motivation :-)
- p versus NP problem
Hard to understand the motivation!
- Riemann hypothesis: a bunch of results on prime numbers, and therefore possible applications to cryptographyOf course, everything of interest has already been proved conditionally on it, and the likely "true" result will in itself not have any immediate applications.As is often the case, the only usefulness would be possible new ideas from the proof technique, and people being more willing to prove stuff based on it without the risk of the hypothesis being false.
- Yang-Mills existence and mass gap: this one has to do with finding/proving the existence of a more decent formalization of quantum field theory that does not resort to tricks like perturbation theory and effective field theory with a random cutoff valueThis is important because the best theory of light and electrons (and therefore chemistry and material science) that we have today, quantum electrodynamics, is a quantum field theory.
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