Ciro Santilli @cirosantilli 35

 Incoming links: Santa Barbara

Google Quantum AI  Updated 2025-04-18  +Created 1970-01-01

Google's quantum hardware/software effort.

The "AI" part is just prerequisite buzzword of the AI boom era for any project and completely bullshit.

According to job postings such as: archive.ph/wip/Fdgsv their center is in Goleta, California, near Santa Barbara. Though Google tends to promote it more as Santa Barbara, see e.g. Daniel's t-shirt at Video "Building a quantum computer with superconducting qubits by Daniel Sank (2019)".

Video 1.

Control of transmon qubits using a cryogenic CMOS integrated circuit (QuantumCasts) by Google (2020)

Source. Fantastic video, good photos of the Google Quantum AI setup!

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Google Quantum Campus  Updated 2025-04-18  +Created 2024-12-13

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Built 2021. TODO address. Located in Santa Barbara, which has long been the epycenter of Google's AI efforts. Apparently contains fabrication facilities.

Announcement: blog.google/technology/ai/unveiling-our-new-quantum-ai-campus/

Video 1.

Take a tour of Google's Quantum AI Lab by Google Quantum AI

. Source. 2023

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Superconducting quantum computing  Updated 2025-04-18  +Created 1970-01-01

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Based on the Josephson effect. Yet another application of that phenomenal phenomena!

Philosophically, superconducting qubits are good because superconductivity is macroscopic.

It is fun to see that the representation of information in the QC basically uses an LC circuit, which is a very classical resonator circuit.

As mentioned at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superconducting_quantum_computing#Qubit_archetypes there are actually a few different types of superconducting qubits:

flux
charge
phase

and hybridizations of those such as:

transmon

Input:

microwave radiation to excite circuit, or do nothing and wait for it to fall to 0 spontaneously
interaction: TODO
readout: TODO

Video 1.

Quantum Computing with Superconducting Qubits by Alexandre Blais (2012)

Source.

Video 2.

Quantum Transport, Lecture 16: Superconducting qubits by Sergey Frolov (2013)

Source. youtu.be/Kz6mhh1A_mU?t=1171 describes several possible realizations: charge, flux, charge/flux and phase.

Video 3.

Building a quantum computer with superconducting qubits by Daniel Sank (2019)

Source. Daniel wears a "Google SB" t-shirt, which either means shabi in Chinese, or Santa Barbara. Google Quantum AI is based in Santa Barbara, with links to UCSB.

youtu.be/uPw9nkJAwDY?t=293 superconducting qubits are good because superconductivity is macroscopic. Explains how in non superconducting metal, each electron moves separatelly, and can hit atoms and leak vibration/photos, which lead to observation and quantum error
youtu.be/uPw9nkJAwDY?t=429 made of aluminium
youtu.be/uPw9nkJAwDY?t=432 shows the circuit diagram, and notes that the thing is basically a LC circuit
```
+-----+
|     |
|   +-+-+
|   |   |
C   X   X
|   |   |
|   +-+-+
|     |
+-----+
```
using the newly created just now Ciro's ASCII art circuit diagram notation. Note that the block on the right is a SQUID device.
youtu.be/uPw9nkJAwDY?t=471 mentions that the frequency between states 0 and 1 is chosen to be 6 GHz:
- higher frequencies would be harder/more expensive to generate
- lower frequencies would mean less energy according to the Planck relation. And less energy means that thermal energy would matter more, and introduce more noise.
  6 GHz is about $6^{9} \times h = 6 \times 1 0^{9} \times 6.62 \times 1 0^{- 34} \approx 4 \times 1 0^{- 24} J$
  From the definition of the Boltzmann constant, the temperature which has that average energe of particles is of the order of:
  $T = E / k_{b} = 4 \times 1 0^{- 24} /1.38 \times 1 0^{- 23} \approx 0.3 K$
  (1)
This explains why we need to go to much lower temperatures than simply the superconducting temperature of aluminum!

Video 4.

A Brief History of Superconducting quantum computing by Steven Girvin (2021)

Source.

youtu.be/xjlGL4Mvq7A?t=138 superconducting quantum computer need non-linear components (too brief if you don't know what he means in advance)
youtu.be/xjlGL4Mvq7A?t=169 quantum computing is hard because we want long coherence but fast control

Video 5.

Superconducting Qubits I Part 1 by Zlatko Minev (2020)

Source.

The Q&A in the middle of talking is a bit annoying.

youtu.be/eZJjQGu85Ps?t=2443 the first actually useful part, shows a transmon diagram with some useful formulas on it

Video 6.

Superconducting Qubits I Part 2 by Zlatko Minev (2020)

Source.

Video 7.

How to Turn Superconductors Into A Quantum Computer by Lukas's Lab (2023)

Source. This video is just the introduction, too basic. But if he goes through with the followups he promisses, then something might actually come out of it.

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