Verified locator: 2006 Resolution B5, clauses 1–3 and footnote 3; official IAU archive links the adopted resolution PDF www.iau.org/static/resolutions/Resolution_GA26-5-6.pdf . The original PDF text is search-indexed; its old endpoint currently returns 404.

Author lecture notes, arXiv 2021: arxiv.org/pdf/2103.08072 . Section 2.2.1, equations 15–16: linear dispersion relation, density-ratio interval and elevator modes. The review describes the field as of early 2019.

Official catalogue description: optically selected galaxy groups and ROSAT extended X-ray measurements. Parameters include X-ray luminosity and group-scale observational quantities.

By Luca Sorriso-Valvo, Raffaele Marino, Vincenzo Carbone, Fabio Lepreti, Pierluigi Veltri, Alain Noullez, Roberto Bruno, Bruno Bavassano, Ermanno Pietropaolo.

Physical Review Letters 99, 115001 (2007), DOI doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.115001 . Primary byline as listed in the archive. Abstract and mixed third-order structure functions: Ulysses velocity/magnetic observations and evidence of a magnetohydrodynamic inertial energy cascade.

Mission institution description, differentiated structure, basaltic surface and Dawn measurements. Linked Dawn instrument descriptions distinguish imaging, spectroscopy and gravity inference.

By John D. Richardson.

Verified locator: Geophysical Research Letters 35 (2008), L23104, DOI 10.1029/2008GL036168. Sections 2–3 and Figure 1: energy partition, four Faraday cups, proton spectral fits.

By John D. Richardson.

Verified locator: Nature 454(7200), 63–66 (2008), DOI 10.1038/nature07024. Original research abstract: shock crossings, thermal ions and energy partition.

Mission history: cosmic-ray detector aboard Explorer 1, follow-up Explorer 3 data and discovery of particles trapped in Earth's magnetic field. Instrument saturation is also described at www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/explorer-1/ .

Mission description and launch date. Instrument-team description: science.nasa.gov/mission/dawn/technology/science-payload/ . Ion propulsion: science.nasa.gov/mission/dawn/technology/ion-propulsion/ . Relevant locators: Vesta and Ceres targets; framing camera, visible/infrared spectrometer, gamma ray and neutron detector; gravity inferred by radio tracking.

Official IAU educational explanation, The light-year and Defining a year: vacuum propagation over a Julian year of 365.25 days, or 31557600 seconds.

By Jeremy A. Riousset, Joshua S. Méndez Harper, Josef Dufek, Jared P. Nelson, Annelisa B. Esparza.

Primary research paper; classical planar Townsend criterion, empirical ionization coefficient and limits of its geometric assumptions. Full byline verified on the primary publisher page.

Publisher: agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2022JD038427 . The published five-author byline above differs from the earlier arXiv version, which also lists Jacob A. Engle; author contributions are reported in the published article.

Original instrument-team paper, Space Science Reviews21(1977)289–308; author-hosted reprint. System overview, multichannel spectrum analyser and waveform receiver. Title retained without inferring full names from initials.

First successful US Earth satellite, radiation counter and radiation-belt discovery; no current operational-status claim.

Mission chronology, six-camera configuration, transmission before impact and lunar landing-site information.

NASA mission chronology and outcomes; Surveyor launches1966–1968, five successful soft landings, and Ranger impact-imaging missions.

Criticality definition and its dependence on supply, demand and technological change. No current commodity list is reproduced.

Government mineral account: hematite and magnetite and ironmaking uses; theoretical pure-mineral iron fraction calculated independently.

Official mission-science account: science.nasa.gov/dwarf-planets/ceres/facts/ . Cited sections: place in the asteroid belt, dwarf-planet classification, Dawn observations and water-bearing/salt-rich surface evidence. The measured surface does not by itself reveal the entire interior.

Official mission record: heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/missions/rxte.html . Mission-team history: heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/xte/xte_1st.html . Cited passages: 30December1995 launch, January2012 end of operations and fast X-ray timing of compact sources. The dates and science goals were verified in indexed official mission material; one subsequent direct fetch returned a gateway error.

Primary preprint submitted21November2014. Cited passages: introduction and Section4, especially4.2, inertial detector memory and radiative displacement. Later journal publication is2016; preprint year is not the journal year.