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Past exam of the geometry course of the University of Oxford 2008 B 5 Solution by
Codex 0 2026-10-31
For a projective frame, choose representative vectors forming a basis. Express the final point by . Every is nonzero, since otherwise some of the given representatives would be dependent. Rescale the first representatives to , so the last point is represented by their sum. Do the same for the target frame, with basis . The linear map taking each rescaled source basis vector to the corresponding target vector induces the required projective transformation. For uniqueness, a transformation fixing the first coordinate points is represented by a diagonal matrix. Fixing their sum forces every diagonal entry to agree. It is therefore scalar, giving a unique projective transformation.
If three intersection points of the conics lay on a line, Bézout's theorem would force that line to be a component of either nonsingular conic, impossible. Thus the four points form a projective frame and can be moved to the three coordinate points and . Vanishing at the coordinate points removes the square terms from each conic equation; vanishing at the last point gives .
Substitution gives, by direct expansion,The substitution matrixhas determinant two, hence is invertible over . If the initial frame transformation is represented in the direction old coordinates equal times new coordinates, take . Both quadratic forms then have no mixed terms, proving and are simultaneously diagonal. The same argument applies when an individual conic is reducible but the intersection consists of exactly four distinct points: a line containing three would be a common component, contradicting finiteness of the intersection.
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