Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-year-1-of-the-natural-sciences-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2024/paper-2/18/a/solution

Use the real inner product
Orthogonality means this integral is zero for any two distinct listed functions. The individual squared norms are positive: the constant function has squared norm , while every listed sine or cosine has squared norm . Thus they are orthogonal but not normalized to unit length in this inner product.

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