Can we make any ab initio predictions about it all?
A 2016 paper: aip.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1063/1.4948309
Quantum Chemistry 10.1 - Hydrogen Molecule Hamiltonian by TMP Chem (2016)
Source. Continued in the following videos, uses the Born–Oppenheimer approximation. Does not give predictions vs experiment?
Isomers were quite confusing for early chemists, before atomic theory was widely accepted, and people where thinking mostly in terms of proportions of equations, related: Section "Isomers suggest that atoms exist".
Exist because double bonds don't rotate freely. Have different properties of course, unlike enantiomer.
Bibliography:
Mirror images.
Key exmaple: d and L amino acids. Enantiomers have identical physico-chemical properties. But their biological roles can be very different, because an enzyme might only be able to act on one of them.
TODO definition. Appears to be isomers
Example:
- the three most table polymorphs of calcium carbonate polymorphs are:
Molecules that are the same if you just look at "what atom is linked to what atom", they are only different if you consider the relative spacial positions of atoms.
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