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Transfection is a laboratory technique used to introduce nucleic acids—such as DNA or RNA—into cells. This process is often employed in molecular biology and genetics research for various purposes, including: 1. **Gene Expression Studies**: Researchers can introduce genes into cells to study how they function and what effects they have on cellular processes. 2. **Protein Production**: Transfected cells can produce proteins, which can then be purified for research or therapeutic purposes.