In a constant-shear Eady model with slopes and , set and . The interior potential vorticity obeys . In the zero-interior-PV subspace, integrating by parts and using the two buoyancy boundary equations proves conservation of the displayed boundary quadratic form. Opposite signs of make it definite and exclude growing normal modes. For arbitrary nonzero interior PV, its derivative is and need not vanish. The restriction to zero interior PV is automatic for a growing smooth mode with complex phase speed.

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