A cross-dispersed echelle spectrograph uses an echelle grating for strong dispersion and a cross-disperser in the perpendicular direction to separate overlapping diffraction orders. It records many orders simultaneously in an echellogram.
A cross-disperser is a second dispersing element, often an optical prism or diffraction grating, oriented to separate optical spectra perpendicular to their principal dispersion direction.
An echellogram is the two-dimensional detector pattern of separated diffraction orders from a cross-dispersed echelle spectrograph.
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