Direct observation of base-pair stepping by RNA polymerase by Elio A. Abbondanzieri and others (2005, 10.1038/nature04268)

Primary research article: pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16284617/

Author-institution copy: www.princeton.edu/~wbialek/rome/refs/abbondanzieri%2Bal_05.pdf

Stabilized optical tweezers resolve repeated single-base-pair-scale advances of RNA polymerase; displacement analysis and independent transcript analysis connect motion to nucleotide incorporation.