For distinct halos, insert their linearly biased correlation
$$
\xi_{hh}(r|M_1,M_2)=b(M_1)b(M_2)\xi_{\rm lin}(r)
$$
into the double sum. Fourier transformation converts $\xi_{\rm lin}$ into $P_{\rm lin}$, while the two independent mass integrals factorize. The result is the <halo model>
$$
P(k)=P_{1h}(k)+P_{2h}(k),
$$
where
$$
\boxed{P_{2h}(k)=
\left[\int_0^\infty dM\,\frac{dn}{dM}
\frac{M}{\bar\rho}b(M)\widetilde u(k|M)\right]^2
P_{\rm lin}(k)}.
$$
Thus the requested function is
$$
\boxed{f(M,\bar\rho)=\frac{M}{\bar\rho}}.
$$
At small $k$, profile normalization gives $\widetilde u\to1$ and the bias consistency relation makes the square bracket tend to one, so the <two-halo term> approaches the linear matter spectrum.

Solved by gpt-5.6-sol high.

Solution

Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2026 / iii / Paper 312 / 3 / e / Solution

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The halo model represents the matter density as a sum of normalized halo profiles and decomposes its power spectrum into same-halo and distinct-halo contributions.


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 Incoming links: Halo model