A Hubeny–Rangamani–Takayanagi surface is the covariant extremal-area surface homologous to a boundary region. Its area divided by gives leading semiclassical entanglement entropy in a time-dependent holographic spacetime.
A unitary acting on only one factor of a thermofield double state preserves the spectrum of either reduced density matrix and hence preserves left--right entanglement. A bulk shell created on one boundary can enlarge the late event horizon while the HRT surface remains at the earlier bifurcation surface.
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