An experimental physicist who coauthored a 2000 study of quantum vortex formation in a stirred rubidium-87 Bose-Einstein condensate. A focused laser beam stirred the gas inside a magnetic trap. Above a threshold rotation frequency, vortices appeared; faster stirring produced multiple vortices. Measuring the single-vortex lifetime after stirring stopped made rotational excitations a controlled probe of a dilute quantum fluid.[ref]

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