A rotating gravitational perturbation drives an epicyclic disk response where . The launched density waves carry angular momentum. For a planet, inner and outer waves exert torques of opposite signs, and their imbalance contributes to migration.
The orbital resonance of an -fold perturbation of a galactic disk. For near-circular stellar orbits, is the radial epicyclic frequency. The harmonic changes radial action and azimuthal angular momentum in the ratio , so an orbit gaining angular momentum gains random radial motion.
The orbital resonance of an -fold perturbation of a galactic disk. For near-circular stellar orbits, is the radial epicyclic frequency. The harmonic changes radial action and azimuthal angular momentum in the ratio , so an orbit losing angular momentum gains random radial motion.
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Lindblad resonance refers to a phenomenon in astrophysics and celestial mechanics, particularly in the context of orbital dynamics in disks, such as those found in galaxies or around planetary systems. It describes a specific type of resonance that occurs when the orbital frequency of a body, such as a planet or moon, matches a certain integer multiple of the orbital frequency of density waves or other perturbations in the surrounding disk.