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A paleontologist studies past life through fossils. The work can include field collection, reconstruction of anatomy, measurement of chemical remains and testing of evolution relationships. A paleontologist must also assess taphonomy, because what survives burial is an incomplete transformation of the original organism.

A paleontologist who studied dental microwear as evidence of diet, testing how surface wear compares with the dietary implications of gross tooth form.^[ref]

A paleontologist who studied early cetacean limbs, using pelvis, foot and ankle anatomy to investigate the transition from terrestrial ancestors.^[ref]

A paleontologist who investigated early jawed-vertebrate teeth, using tiny preserved dental structures to test the age and diversification of early lineages.^[ref]

A paleontologist who studied early mammal fossils, including Eomaia scansoria, whose preserved endoskeleton informs the early history of eutherians.^[ref]

A paleontologist who combined genomic and fossil evidence to investigate the evolutionary origin of enamel.^[ref]

A paleontologist who studied a Triassic stem-turtle, using its character combination to reconstruct early changes in the turtle body plan.^[ref]

A paleontologist who investigated inner ear biomechanics as evidence bearing on the origin of mammalian endothermy.^[ref]

A paleontologist who studied anatomically selective carcass decay, testing how loss of diagnostic characters can bias interpretation of the vertebrate fossil record.^[ref]

A paleontologist who studied a Devonian lamprey from South Africa, providing fossil evidence for the antiquity of the lamprey body plan.^[ref]

A paleontologist who studied early Australian marsupial fossils and their implications for the historical distribution of mammalian lineages.^[ref]

A paleontologist who studied South American monotreme fossils, using dental evidence to investigate the former geographical distribution of that lineage.^[ref]

A paleontologist who combined ancient DNA, fossils and morphological comparisons to investigate historical introductions of red deer into Ireland.^[ref]

A paleontologist who studied the Miocene ape Pierolapithecus, using its trunk and hand character combination to investigate early great-ape locomotion.^[ref]

A paleontologist who studied skull characters in early jawed vertebrates, testing how combinations of bony-fish-like features inform relationships near the base of the jawed-vertebrate tree.^[ref]

A paleontologist who used Acanthodes anatomy to test the reconstruction of the last common ancestor of modern jawed vertebrates.^[ref]

A paleontologist who investigated the timing of mammal diversification using phylogenomics and calibrated evolutionary-time inference.^[ref]

A paleontologist who studied early eutherian mammals, testing the anatomy evidence used to distinguish placental and marsupial relatives.^[ref]

A paleontologist who investigated early animal evolution, including exceptionally preserved Cambrian fish anatomy.^[ref]

A paleontologist who investigated hagfish fossils and the relationship between morphological and molecular evidence in early vertebrate phylogenetics.^[ref]