Write and , so
The labelled key points of the two dispersion relations are
The band rises from centre to boundary and the axial band falls. The separated-band assumption requires . The upper-left panel shows a representative pair, with the other panels supplying the requested comparisons in part (b).
Figure 1.
Original one-dimensional s and axial-p band sketches, comparing separated bands, mixing, and the equal-on-site-energy special case
. Details.

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