Past exam of the mathematical and Computational Biology course of the University of Cambridge / 2025 / Paper 1 / 6 / g

Direct independent sampling is preferable. The posterior distribution is the standard beta distribution $\mathrm{Beta}(9,38)$, for which exact posterior moments and standard random-number generators are available. For example, draw independent $U\sim \mathrm{Gamma}(9,1)$ and $V\sim \mathrm{Gamma}(38,1)$ with the same rate, and return $U/(U+V)$. This has the required beta distribution and avoids Markov chain Monte Carlo convergence problems. A correct, converged MCMC method could sample this target, but it is unnecessarily complicated here.