Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2014 / iii / Paper 32 / 7 / Solution

For mutually exclusive event types, let $T$ be the first event time and $J$ its type. The cause-specific hazard for cause $j$ isIt is a rate conditional on having had no event of any cause. The cumulative incidence function, also called the cumulative risk function, is the actual probability $F_j(t)=P(T\le t,J=j)$.

The total hazard function is $h(t)={\sum }_k{h}_k(t)$, giving $S(t)=\exp \{-{\int }_0^t{\sum }_k{h}_k(u)du\}$. Surviving every cause to time $u$ and then experiencing cause $j$ givesIn competing risks, $F_j$ is generally not $1-e^{-{\int }_0^t{h}_j}$, because competing events remove individuals before they can experience cause $j$. This formula does not require assuming independent latent failure times for the different causes.