Past exam of the quantum condensed matter course of the University of Cambridge / 2013 / 1 / c

For one isotropic carrier species in the Drude model, the longitudinal electrical resistivity at zero transverse electric current is ${\rho }_{xx}=1/(ne\mu )$, and the Hall electrical resistivity has magnitude $|{\rho }_{yx}|=B/(ne)$. Equivalently, the electric field balances the magnetic deflection through $E_y=v_{x}B$, while $|v_x|=\mu |E_x|$. Therefore the magnitude of the Hall angle obeysThe required ratio givesThe electron density cancels. With electric current along $+x$ and field along $+z$, Electrons have negative Hall coefficient and hence $E_y<0$; the requested one-percent condition concerns the magnitude. This calculation assumes Electrons dominate transport and the transverse contacts draw no electric current, so a Hall field can develop.