Past exam of the statistics course of the University of Oxford / 2021 / 2 / a / ii / Solution

True, with the test's rejection rule fixed. If its rejection region in the space of the test statistic is $C$, its statistical power against the specified simple hypothesis $H_1$ isThus the probability distribution of $T$ under the alternative hypothesis determines the statistical power of this test. The null distribution is used to choose a rule with the desired test size, but statistical power is evaluated under the alternative hypothesis. Different rejection rules can have different statistical power even for the same probability distribution of $T$.