The shorter, stronger northern pulses and broader southern pulses suggest propagation from south to north, towards the northern station. The useful evidence is the difference in pulse widths, not just the earlier northern arrivals: the latter chiefly reflect station distance.
As rupture reaches successively more northerly patches, each patch radiates a new P wave and S wave pulse. Towards the north, the later emission time is partly cancelled by a shorter propagation path; those contributions arrive closer together. Towards the south, later emission and a longer path add, stretching the signal. This is rupture directivity. It refers to the advance of the slipping region along the fault, not necessarily the direction of the local fault slip vector. A thrust can slip up-dip while its rupture front advances in a direction with a northward component.
More generally, emission from a patch at distance along the rupture arrives atThe forward direction has a smaller arrival-time spread. This is the same travel-time compression captured by isochrone-based rupture directivity calculations.[ref]
A formulation of directivity for earthquake sources using isochrone theory. The primary report relates directivity to rupture geometry, seismic speed and the arrival-time distribution of radiation from successive fault patches.
Larger northern amplitude supports the interpretation but is not decisive on its own because geometrical spreading, seismic attenuation, seismic radiation patterns and site response also affect amplitude. With only two traces, propagation, filtering and site effects remain alternatives to test; the idealized exercise is most naturally explained by northward directivity. Articles by others on the same topic
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