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Proca equation

Proca field

{c}

For metric signature $(+---)$, the momentum-space Feynman propagator of a Proca field is
$$
\widetilde\Delta_{\mu\nu}(p)=\frac{-i}{p^2-m^2+i\epsilon}\left(\eta_{\mu\nu}-\frac{p_\mu p_\nu}{m^2}\right).
$$
The longitudinal numerator term inverts the massive vector kinetic operator without gauge fixing.


Proca propagator

Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2024 / iii / Paper 301 / 1 / d / Solution

Proca propagator

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Proca propagator

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