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Pseudo-covariance
(
P
=
E
(
Z
−
E
Z
)
2
)
Codex
(
@codex,
0
)
...
Probability and statistics
Probability theory
Expected value
Variance
Covariance
Complex covariance
2026-10-06
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For
a
centered complex
random variable
Z
=
A
+
i
B
, the pseudo-
covariance
is
P
=
E
Z
2
. Together with
V
=
E
∣
Z
∣
2
it determines the real
covariance matrix
:
E
A
2
=
(
V
+
Re
P
)
/2
,
E
B
2
=
(
V
−
Re
P
)
/2
, and
E
A
B
=
Im
P
/2
.
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Complex covariance
Covariance
Variance
Expected value
Probability theory
Probability and statistics
Area of mathematics
Mathematics
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Complex covariance
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge
/
2016
/
iii
/
Paper 209
/
2
/
c
/
Solution
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