Let a square matrix have a leading block . For row and column indices , let be the determinant formed by bordering with row and column , keeping that order. For and , the Sylvester identity for bordered minors is
It is a polynomial identity and remains valid when is singular; dividing by requires an additional nonzero condition.[ref]
For and , the bordered minors are , , . The identity reads . In Bareiss algorithm, this identity explains why division by a previous pivot can be exact over the integers.

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