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Interpret the paired $A,B,C$ disks as the three one-handles of a genus-three handlebody. Attach two-handles on the two displayed $\beta$ curves. Orient the three disk-crossing generators as $a,b,c$. Reading the signed crossings, starting at the upper-left portion of each attaching curve and changing the start point when needed, givesThe first says $abc=bca$ and the second $abc=cab$. Thus the fundamental group presentation isHere $[u,v]=uv{u}^{-1}{v}^{-1}$. Cyclically changing the starting point, reversing an attaching curve, or changing generator orientations gives equivalent presentations. With $h=abc$, these relations make $h$ central; eliminating $c=b^{-1}{a}^{-1}h$ givesFor the topological identification, thicken the diagram's two nested bands and identify the three paired disk mouths. The complement of those bands is the product region of a pair of pants with a circle; its two compressing curves are exactly $[a,bc]$ and $[ab,c]$. Equivalently, the standard cell decomposition of this product has three one-handles and the two commuting two-handle attachments shown. Thus this is a generalized Heegaard diagram of $P\times S^1$.

The Hopf fibration of $S^3$ has three disjoint regular fibers whose removal leaves $P\times S^1$. Its three fibers are the components of the torus link $T_{3,3}$, as is also apparent from the full three-strand twist in the later link diagram. This identifies $Y$ with that link exterior, using the diagram and product structure rather than just its fundamental group. In particular it is a link exterior in the three-sphere.

Orient the two components coherently through the twist region and assign meridian variables $x,y$. The link diagram is the torus link $T_{2,2n}$. It is obtained from the three-component torus link of part 2 by $-1/(n-1)$ rational Dehn surgery on the third component: removing its meridional disk adds $n-1$ full twists to the original single full twist. For $n=1$, this just means meridionally deleting the third component.

Write $z$ for the removed component's meridian. Its longitude is homologous to ${\mu }_1+{\mu }_2$, so the filling imposes $z=(xy{)}^{n-1}$. Under this substitution, the polynomial of part 2 becomes $(xy{)}^n-1$. The filling core is homologous, up to sign, to ${\mu }_1+{\mu }_2$. The Turaev-torsion Dehn-filling formula therefore removes the factor $xy-1$, givingFor positive $n$ this is the Laurent polynomial $1+xy+\cdots +(xy{)}^{n-1}$. For $n=1$ it is one, as for a Hopf link; for $n=0$ it is zero, as for the two-component unlink. For negative $n$ the displayed quotient is still a Laurent polynomial and agrees with the mirrored positive-twist answer up to a unit. These checks also fix the twist count: the exponent is $n$, rather than $n+1$.

Distinct components of the positively oriented torus link $T_{n,n}$ have linking number one. Since every component also has framing $+1$ relative to the Seifert framing, the surgery linking matrix and hence the intersection form of the surgery trace $W({\hat{L}}_1)$ areIts Smith normal form is $\mathrm{diag}(1,0,\dots ,0)$. The surgery exact sequence, equivalently the kernel and cokernel of $Q_1$, gives

In Kirby calculus, sliding the components over one chosen component diagonalizes the framed link to a split $+1$-framed unknot and $n-1$ zero-framed unknots. Hencewhere $♮$ denotes boundary connected sum.

For nonzero coprime integers $p,q$, the torus knot $T_{p,q}$ lies on a standard unknotted torus in the three-sphere and winds $p$ times meridionally and $q$ times longitudinally. Here a meridian of a solid torus goes around the small cross-section of the doughnut, while the longitudinal direction goes around its central hole. The integers count signed turns, so changing one sign gives the mirror of a link of the torus knot. In this article $p$ is always the meridional count and $q$ the longitudinal count.

An explicit parametric curve in three-dimensional Euclidean space iswhere $R>r>0$. Its cylindrical radius $\rho =\sqrt{x^2+y^2}$ satisfies $(\rho -R{)}^2+z^2=r^2$, the equation of the supporting torus. Its meridional angle is $pt$ and its longitudinal angle is $qt$: this checks the convention directly rather than relying on the picture. Its squared speed isIf two parameter values give the same point, their difference $\delta$ satisfies $p\delta ,q\delta \in 2\pi \mathbb{Z}$. Bézout's identity for the coprime integers $p,q$ then gives $\delta \in 2\pi \mathbb{Z}$. Thus the loop closes and is an injective function on the parameter circle, with nonzero derivative; it is a smooth embedding.

For example, $R=2$, $r=0.7$, $p=2$, $q=3$ produces a trefoil knot. During one circuit the meridional angle changes by $4\pi$ and the longitudinal angle by $6\pi$. The supporting torus is a guide for construction, not a constraint on later ambient isotopies: the knot may move off it. This family makes arithmetic visible as geometry: the coprime integers determine whether a single traversal visits the whole loop without repetition.

The coprime integers hypothesis matters. If the greatest common divisor is $d=\gcd (|p|,|q|)>1$, the same parametric curve retraces a single component $d$ times; it does not automatically draw $d$ different components. The corresponding torus link is instead the full set of points on the torus whose angles satisfy $q\varphi -p\theta \in 2\pi \mathbb{Z}$, with meridional angle $\varphi$ and longitudinal angle $\theta$. It has $d$ disjoint components, each with winding counts $(p/d,q/d)$. For instance, the torus link $T_{2,2}$ consists of two parallel $(1,1)$ loops and is a Hopf link, whereas substituting $(2,2)$ into ${\gamma }_{p,q}$ simply traces one of those loops twice.