Past exam of the physics B course of the University of Cambridge 2018 Paper 2 Section A A1 Solution 2026-10-18
For the usual hollow rectangular electromagnetic waveguide, let the propagation axis be and the interior be , . A transverse magnetic polarization has and . At a perfect conductor wall the tangential electric field vanishes. Since is tangential to all four side walls, it satisfies a homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition around the rectangle.
Separating the transverse Helmholtz equation therefore gives the transverse magnetic mode of a rectangular waveguideA zero value of either index makes identically zero, rather than producing a nonzero field uniform along that direction. The transverse electric and magnetic fields of this TM family are obtained from transverse derivatives of , so they also vanish. Thus both TM indices must be nonzero: neither nor exists in this rectangular hollow-guide model. In contrast, transverse electric modes obey a Neumann boundary condition on and may have one zero index. The claim is about this waveguide geometry, not all possible guides.